Guidelines for Writing Student Papers – Bibliographic References

MasterPen, in supporting its students in writing undergraduates and postgraduate theses , has drawn up the present guide for citation of bibliographic references in order to ensure the scientificity of the works they produce.
According to the rules of writing scientific papers the arguments, evidence, information and conclusions contained in your paper must be supported by references to the literature. However, to avoid infringing the copyright of the authors of these sources, you must cite the sources from which you obtained the information. This means that you must compile the list of bibliographic references which is listed at the end of the paper.
Remember that the information you derive from sources is the intellectual property of the author of the source which, under law, protects the works of the creators.

How we present Bibliographic References when writing Student Papers

The creation of the list of bibliographic references is mandatory

Creating the list of bibliographic references is mandatory to ensure the copyright of the author from whom we derive the information we cite in the paper.

Within the text we find the references which refer the reader to refer to the corresponding bibliography, which is at the end of the work, to locate the source of the text. Bibliographic references record the full details of the source so that the reader can be directed to further study.

NOTE: DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE TERMS "BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCES" and "BIBLIOGRAPHY"

We point out that there is a difference between the terms "bibliographic references" and "bibliography". The bibliographic references are all the (informational) sources used and cited within the work in the form of references. However, the bibliography is the list of sources that were studied during the preparation of the paper but were not used to structure the main ideas of the paper.

Bibliographic references - References

There are various citation systems. Pay attention to the assignment instructions which system is requested by the proposer before compiling the bibliographic reference list. The most common systems are: APA (American Psychological Association), Harvard, and footnotes (footnotes).

Remember that:

References are listed at the end of the thesis on a separate page before the appendix (if any)
They are listed in alphabetical order (not numbered) according to the last name of the author or the title of the source text (if the name of the author is not mentioned in the source).
Optionally, you can divide the bibliography into Greek and foreign languages. However, you can do a mixed arrangement of the Greek and foreign language bibliography based on the Greek alphabet: A, B, Γ/C, Δ/D, E, Z, F, G, H, Θ, Ι, J, K, Λ/ L, M, N, Ξ, O, P/P, Q, P/R, S/S, T, Y, Φ, U, V, W, X, Y, Zz, Ψ, Ω.
Type the list of references in 12 pt font size with regular writing, full alignment and single spacing. Between bibliographic references there should be blank lines to cite subsequent ones.

There is a different way of citing bibliographic references:

When it's a book

When it is a book, the structure to follow is:

Author's last name, initial of his first name. (Year of issue). Book title in italics. Issue number (if reissued). Place of publication: Publishing house.

Papaioannou, A. (2005). Qualitative - interpretive research methods in physical education. (3^theissue). Athens: Christodoulidis.

When it is an article from a scientific journal

When it is an article from a scientific journal the structure to be followed is:

Author's last name, initial of his first name. (Year of publication). Article title. Journal title in italics, Volume in italics, Issue in parentheses, Number of pages of the article (from -to).

Mantzaris, K. & Panagiotou, A. (2008). Qualitative Research Methods: Qualitative Research Methodology in the Social Sciences and Interviewing. Educational Sciences, 1 (8), (28 – 50).

When it is an article from Conference Proceedings

When it is an article from Conference Proceedings the structure to be followed is:

Authors' surnames, Authors' first initials. (Year of publication). Initial and Surname of editors. Title of Proceedings in italics. Place of publication and publisher. Number of pages of the article (from -to).

Antoniou, G., Katsaros A., & Christodoulou, A. (2002). Semiotic analysis of primary school textbooks: the ideology of textbooks and the ideology of the Greek. In K. Tsoukalas, E. Hontolidou, A. Christodoulou, G. Michaelidis. (Ed.), Semiotic systems and communication. Action, interaction, circumstance and change, Proceedings of 6^u Panhellenic Semiotics Conference of the Hellenic Semiotics Society. Thessaloniki: Observer, (p.652-662).

When we retrieve a text from the internet

When we derive a text from the internet, the structure that must be followed is:

Author's last name, initial of his first name. (Year of publication). Text title in italics. Date of website visit. Website address

Marking: There are alternative ways to cite the online source data as you can see below

Matzoukas, S. (2016). Research methodology. Retrieved February 10, 2017, from http://slideplayer.gr/slide/7007244/

Matzoukas, S. (2016). Research methodology. Available on the website: http://slideplayer.gr/slide/7007244/. [Accessed 28/03/2017].

Matzoukas, S. (2016). Research methodology. http://slideplayer.gr/slide/7007244/. [28/03/2017].

Matzoukas, S. (2016). Research methodology. Available at: http://slideplayer.gr/slide/7007244/. [Retrieved 03/28/2017].

Marking: The phrase "Retrieved February 10, 2017, from" in English is written as "Retrieved February 10, 2017, from"

If the website belongs to an organization, the name of the organization must also be listed

If the website belongs to an organization, the name of the organization must also be listed and the structure that must be followed is:

Author's last name, initial of his first name. (Year of publication). Text title in italics. Organization name. Website address. Date of website visit.

Example:

Petrou, A. & Papanaoum, K. (2009). Philosophy of education. Available on the website of the University of Nicosia, Department of Philosophy: http://www.ucy.ac.cy/pakepe/el/research-services/research-kind.[Accessed 28/03/2017].

When we pull an article from the internet

When we retrieve an article from the internet the structure to be followed is:

Author's last name, initial of his first name. (Year of issue). Article title in italics. Journal title in italics, Volume in italics, Issue in parentheses, Number of pages of the article (from – to). Website address. Date of website visit.

Example:

Papaioannou, A., Theodorakis, I. & Goudas, M. (2010). Qualitative - interpretive research methods in physical education. Physical Education, 1 (8), (28 – 50). Retrieved February 10, 2017, from http://lab.pe.uth.gr/psych/images/stories/pdf/various/diavaste_perissotera_gia_poiotikes_metho doys_ereynas.pdf.

Papaioannou, A., Theodorakis, I. & Goudas, M. (2010). Qualitative - interpretive research methods in physical education. Physical Education, 1 (8), (28 – 50). Available on the website: http://lab.pe.uth.gr/psych/images/stories/pdf/various/diavaste_perissotera_gia_poiotikes_metho doys_ereynas.pdf. [Accessed 28/03/2017].

Papaioannou, A., Theodorakis, I. & Goudas, M. (2010). Qualitative - interpretive research methods in physical education. Physical Education, 1 (8), (28 – 50). http://lab.pe.uth.gr/psych/images/stories/pdf/various/diavaste_perissotera_gia_poiotikes_methodoys_ereynas.pdf. [28/03/2017].

Papaioannou, A., Theodorakis, I. & Goudas, M. (2010). Qualitative - interpretive research methods in physical education. Physical Education, 1 (8), (28 – 50). Available at: http://lab.pe.uth.gr/psych/images/stories/pdf/various/diavaste_perissotera_gia_poiotikes_methodoys_ereynas.pdf. [Retrieved 03/28/2017].

When we extract a text from the internet where the name of the author of the text is not mentioned

When we derive a text from the internet where the name of the author of the text is not mentioned, the structure that must be followed is:

1^o method: In place of the author's name, we list the title of the text

In this case, in place of the author's name, we list the title of the source text, in italics and after the year of publication of the text as follows:

Article title in italics. (Year of issue). Website address. Date of website visit.

Example:

Qualitative research methodology in the social sciences and interviews. (2008). Retrieved February 10, 2017, from http://slideplayer.gr/slide/7007244/

Qualitative research methodology in the social sciences and interviews. (2008). Available on the website: http://slideplayer.gr/slide/7007244/. [Accessed 28/03/2017].

Qualitative research methodology in the social sciences and interviews. (2008). http://slideplayer.gr/slide/7007244/. [28/03/2017].

Qualitative research methodology in the social sciences and interviews. (2008). Available at: http://slideplayer.gr/slide/7007244/. [Retrieved 03/28/2017].

2^o way: In place of the author's name we cite the name of the site

In this case, in place of the author's name, we list the name of the website and the reference is made as follows:

Name of the website. (Year of publication). [online]. Text title in italics. Date of website visit. Website address

Marking: there are alternative ways of quoting the online source data as you can see below:

Slideshare. (2007). Business plan. [online]. Retrieved February 10, 2017, fromhttp://slideplayer.gr/slide/7007244/

Slideshare. (2007). Business plan. [online]. Available at: https://www.slideshare.net/vinaya.hs/business-plan. [Accessed 28/03/2017].

Slideshare. (2007). Business plan. [online]. https://www.slideshare.net/vinaya.hs/business-plan. [28/03/2017].

Slideshare. (2007). Business plan. [online]. Available: https://www.slideshare.net/vinaya.hs/business-plan. [Retrieved 03/28/2017].

When we derive a text from the internet and the year of publication of the text is not mentioned

When we derive a text from the internet and the year of publication of the text is not mentioned, the structure to be followed is:

In this case we cite the author's name and replace the year of publication with the abbreviation (x.x.) meaning ''no date''. In English the abbreviation (eg) is written as (nd) which means ''no date''.

Author's last name, initial of his first name. (e.g.). Article title in italics. Journal title in italics, Volume in italics, Issue in parentheses, Number of pages of the article (from – to). Website address. Date of website visit.

Example:

Paraskevopoulou-Kollia E. (ex.). Qualitative research methodology in the social sciences and interviews. Open Education – The Journal for Open and Distance Education and Educational Technology, 4 (1), (28 – 50). Retrieved February 10, 2017, from http://ejournals.epublishing.ekt.gr/index.php/openjournal/article/viewFile/9726/9872.pdf.

Paraskevopoulou-Kollia E. (ex.). Qualitative research methodology in the social sciences and interviews. Open Education – The Journal for Open and Distance Education and Educational Technology, 4 (1), (28 – 50). Available on the website: http://ejournals.epublishing.ekt.gr/index.php/openjournal/article/viewFile/9726/9872.pdf. [Accessed 10/02/2017].

Paraskevopoulou-Kollia E. (ex.). Qualitative research methodology in the social sciences and interviews. Open Education – The Journal for Open and Distance Education and Educational Technology, 4 (1), (28 – 50). http://ejournals.epublishing.ekt.gr/index.php/openjournal/article/viewFile/9726/9872.pdf. [10/02/2017].

Paraskevopoulou-Kollia E. (ex.). Qualitative research methodology in the social sciences and interviews. Open Education – The Journal for Open and Distance Education and Educational Technology, 4 (1), (28 – 50). Available at: http://ejournals.epublishing.ekt.gr/index.php/openjournal/article/viewFile/9726/9872.pdf. [Retrieved 10/02/2017].

When we get a text from the internet and neither the name of the author nor the year of publication of the text is mentioned

When we derive a text from the internet and neither the name of the author nor the year of publication of the text is mentioned, the structure to be followed is:

In this case, in place of the author's name, we quote the title of the source text, in italics, and replace the year of publication with the abbreviation (x.x.) meaning ''no date''. In English the abbreviation (eg) is written as (nd) which means ''no date''.

Article title in italics. (e.g.). Website address. Date of website visit.

Example:

Qualitative research methodology in the social sciences and interviews. (e.g.). Retrieved February 10, 2017, from http://slideplayer.gr/slide/7007244/

Qualitative research methodology in the social sciences and interviews. (e.g.). Available on the website: http://slideplayer.gr/slide/7007244/. [Accessed 28/03/2017].

Qualitative research methodology in the social sciences and interviews. (e.g.). http://slideplayer.gr/slide/7007244/. [28/03/2017].

Qualitative research methodology in the social sciences and interviews. (e.g.). Available at: http://slideplayer.gr/slide/7007244/. [Retrieved 03/28/2017].

When the source is a dictionary and the name of the author is not mentioned

When the source is a dictionary and the name of the author is not given, the structure to be followed is:

In this case, in place of the author's name, we list the name of the publishing house and the bibliographic reference is made as follows:

Name of publishing house. (Year of publication). Book title in italics. Issue number (if reissued). Place of publication: Publishing house.

Example:

Tegopoulos - Phytraki. (2012). Greek dictionary (4^the ed.). Athens: Tegopoulos Fitrakis.

When the source is a dictionary and the name of the author is mentioned

When the source is a dictionary and the author's name is given, the structure to be followed is:

Author's last name, initial of his first name. (Year of publication). Book title in italics. Issue number (if reissued). (Number of page/pages). Place of publication: Publishing house.

Example:

Babiniotis, G. (2012). Dictionary of the new Greek language. (4^the ed.). (p.120). Athens: Lexicology Center.

When the source is an encyclopedia and we want to cite an entry

When the source is an encyclopedia and we want to cite an entry, the structure to follow is:

Organization name. (Year of issue). Entry title in italics. (Volume number, page number/s). Place of publication: Publishing house.

Example:

Papyrus Larus Britannica. (2001). GDP. (Vol. 25, p. 220 – 223). Athens: Papyrus

When the source is University notes

When the source is University notes, the structure to follow is:

Last name of professor/author, Initial letter of his/her first name. (Year of issue). Subject title [University Notes]. University Name, Department, Semester and Year. Place of a university institution.

Vrasidas, X. (2015). Types of research [University Notes]. University of Nicosia, Department of Pedagogical Studies: 'Principles and Methods of Qualitative Research', Spring Semester 2016 – 2017. Nicosia.

Remember: in italics we write the titles of books and journals and the volume number of the journal.

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Guidelines for Writing Student Papers – Bibliographic References

How we present Bibliographic References when writing Student Papers